Ventilation design from room type to printed sheet

A room type gives an airflow proposal, a duct that ends on another duct joins it with a branch, and sizing and balancing happen in the same window as the drawing. Limits show their sources.

Video coming: The Ventilation tab. Screenshot of PirtoCAD: ventilation of the sample flat, with the building in grey behind it.

What you draw and calculate

Airflows from room types

When a room has a type, PirtoCAD proposes its supply and extract airflows and names the document each value comes from. A preview shows the proposal before anything is written. Values you have typed yourself are kept unless you select the room to receive the proposal. The proposal is a starting point; the designer decides the final airflows.

Air handling unit, ductwork, branches and air terminals

Place the air handling unit, draw the supply and extract ducts and connect the air terminals. A duct drawn to end on another duct at the same level joins it with a branch. A duct can be taken under or over another from the Ventilation menu, the context menu or the Problems panel. At the open end of an outdoor air or exhaust air duct, the Problems panel proposes an air terminal instead of a cap: an outdoor grille for outdoor air and a roof exhaust pipe for exhaust air.

Sizing, balancing and problems

The Size the system button (Mitoita) in a system's properties first shows a preview: for each round duct, its airflow, velocity and pressure loss at the current and the proposed size, with every limit and its source. Clicking Apply the sizing then changes the sizes in one undo step. Balance writes the valve settings and the damper pressures into their tags. Calculation findings, such as a valve that cannot reach its airflow, appear in the Problems panel.

  • Duct pressure loss by Darcy-Weisbach with Colebrook-White friction, fittings by loss coefficients
  • Tightness class per system; a class below the minimum in Finnish decree YM 1009/2017, section 20, appears in the Problems panel
  • SFP limit by the date the building permit was applied for
  • The duct sizing profile follows the building's use until you choose another
Systems panel: supply, extract, outdoor and exhaust air with their airflows; the balance line shows supply 40.0 l/s and extract 40.0 l/sVideo coming
Video coming: Size and balance. The Systems panel in the sample project: supply and extract air are 40.0 l/s each.

Tags, sheets and quantities

Tag the air terminals and add a legend, an isometric view and sections to the sheet. A shaft's riser diagram opens in a view of its own but cannot yet be placed on a sheet. Export the sheets to PDF and the material take-off rows to Excel.

Ventilation sheet at 1:50 in PirtoCAD: plan, isometric view, legend and title block
Ventilation sheet at 1:50 in PirtoCAD: plan with tags, isometric view, legend and title block. Export PDF prints the same sheet.

Limits with their sources

The Calculation values view shows every value the calculation uses, with its unit, the shipped default and its sources, and where the value in use comes from. Most values can be changed, and every change is one undo step.

CheckSourceWhere it shows
Minimum ductwork tightness class: B, or C for systems carrying contaminated or hazardous extract airYM 1009/2017, section 20System properties, Problems
SFP limit by the permit application dateYM 1010/2017, section 30; earlier regulations by application dateCalculation panel, the system's limits
Supply and extract airflows by room typeFINVAC 2019 guide (based on YM 1009/2017) and RakMK D2 2012; the stricter value appliesRoom properties, preview

The designer is responsible for the results. Defaults help, but a calculation is only as reliable as its input data. An empty Problems panel only means that the program's current checks found nothing. It does not mean that the design has been checked or that it complies with regulations.

Coming to ventilation

These are in progress and not yet in the alpha:

  • Sound level calculation duct by duct; until then acoustic sizing relies on the velocity limits (LVI 30-10333)
  • Ductwork leakage in the airflow and pressure loss calculation
  • Tightness class check for extract ducts under positive pressure
  • Room air balance through transfer air paths
  • Calculation of natural ventilation and of radon, combustion air and transfer air systems
  • Room airflow simulation

The ventilation designer's path

The planned path is the foundations course first, then the ventilation course, which moves from a one-storey house to a two-storey one. No episodes have been published yet.

Sample flat on the Ventilation tab: air handling unit, ductwork and air terminals in the roomsVideo coming
Video coming: The air handling unit.

V1.1 One-storey house: the air handling unit

Systems panel: supply, extract, outdoor and exhaust air with their airflows; the balance line shows supply 40.0 l/s and extract 40.0 l/sVideo coming
Video coming: Sizing and calculation.

V1.4 One-storey house: sizing and calculation

All Academy courses

Try it on your own project

Read about the alpha